Tugas 1 Bulan Januari Credit Union
CREDIT AND POTENTIAL ROLE IN POVERTY THROUGH ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
The importance of credit and an active role in poverty reduction through
economic development especially in rural areas such as The investigations
carried out in Kalimantan area through a participatory approach to
understanding the use of rural groups and individual interviews involving interviews administrators , managers and users of the Credit Union , the rural economy is stilldominated by enterprises - micro and small scale with the main actors agricultural laborers, traders and agricultural inputs , agro-processing industries
and households.
The perpetrators of these rural businesses in general are still faced
with the classic problem of limited availability of capital . As an important element in supporting the improvement of standards of production productivity and rural livelihoods , capital constraints may restrict the movement of the rural economic sector activity . Scarcity of long-term capital can be the entry point of the cycle of poverty in rural communities chains Though poverty is not limited by the factual aspects of the spatial and sktoral but can not be denied that most of the poor live in rural areas . capital scarcity
rural economic actors typically seek additional capital from various sources both from formal financial institutions and non- financial institutions - formal .
Weak economic actors in the rural capital has been recognized by the government to encourage the government to launch several targeted credit programs for farmers and micro-entrepreneurs . Although the government has implemented various loan programs , but the achievement still has not seen the results as expected . There are indications that the credit performance of the program is not satisfactory , especially in financial institutions as implementers which can be viewed from three aspects :
( 1 ) low levels of loan repayment
( 2 ) low morality executive officer and
( 3 ) low-level mobilization of public funds .
Weakness is not a consequence of continued financial institutions formed after the program is completed .Growth and development of Microfinance Institutions in Indonesia has been developing since long
and has been the subject of experts and practitioners of social economics MFI has always been associated with poverty alleviation efforts .
According to the definition used in Microcredit ( 1997) in Wijono (2004 ) micro-credit loan program is a small amount to the poor to finance productive activities that he did his own to generate income , allowing them to care for themselves and their families .
Financial institutions involved in micro- lending is generally called MFI
microfinance institution Asian Development Bank Institute defines microfinance as an institution that provides storage services credit , payment transactions and money transfer services aimed at the poor and small entrepreneurs . While there are many definitions of microfinance , but in general there are
three important elements of the various definitions :
First , it provides various types of financial services
Secondly , it serves the poor live , and developing
microfinance in the beginning was to serve the people marginalized by the
existing formal financial system that has characteristics typical constituents
Third , using the procedures and mechanisms for contextual and
flexible( Krishnamurti , 2005) .
Bank Indonesia microfinance institutions simply divide into two categories
namely the micro- bank financial institutions and non - bank real . Many people believe that the Credit Union , which is one form of microfinance institutions as an effective development tool for alleviating poverty because of financial service enables low-income households and small to take advantage
of economic opportunities , build assets and reduce their vulnerability to external shocks .
So the Credit Union become an important tool to achieve development in three
things at once , namely :
- Create jobs
- Increase income and reduce poverty
Capital employed from the community by the community and for the community .
In factual , credit union service in Borneo have demonstrated success marked by several indicators , and some changes such as the increased participation children - children , increased revenue and increased household assets . Similarly , in terms of human resources involved in the Credit Union
although initially driven only by a handful of people , but in its development has increased very rapidly . Indicators of success demonstrated by the growing amount of members , developing assets and funds absorbed .
Funds channeled through loans to the public until December 2009 reached Rp . 2,409,205,270,278 , - and there is a tendency to increase . The number of members' savings until the end of December 2009 reached Rp . 2,841,269,831,269
Credit Union Sustainability influenced among others by :
( 1 ) the ability of the human resource administrators and managers
( 2 ) Credit Union support of the external factors that include pay legal for
credit union development efforts .Microfinance institutions are still under debate and there are fears of Law - Law as limiting the scope of MFI services to the public . Development Credit Union in addition to the agricultural sector should be based on principle - the principle of institutional operations that must be done through the following steps :
1 . Set the first group of prospective targets , among others , relating to its existence as a group at least in the last two years
2 . Elected group that meets the criteria , chosen by the co - location3 . From this selection produces a viable target group engaged in financial services
4 . Starting strengthening disbursement and utilization of venture capital group
5 . Provide guidance and asistenasi to group activities
6 . Encourage group activities on the management of the Credit Union
7 . Conduct training for all administrators , managers or members with
training materials users not only to improve the ability of the Credit Union but also business development training support in the agricultural sector .
But the results show that the agricultural sector is less noticed by the Credit Union
with a high risk of reasons , the slow pace of cash flow and others - others . It is applied in building the credit union is basically agricultural sector can only be done with mengaokomodasi some patterns that have been developed to make adjustments related to agriculture such as the following characteristics :
1 . group approach
2 . Credit expansion target user
3 . Selection of potential users of credit
4 . The volume of credit limit
5 . The loan interest rate
6 . mortgage payments
7 . Mentoring and monitoring
8 . exercise
CONCLUSION
1 . Credit Union recognizes the existence of the community have a strategic
role as an intermediary economic activities2 . Factual Services Credit Union
has shown success , but success is still bias in economic enterprises outside
agriculture , credit schemes for agricultural credit unions have not given priority
5W + 1 H
1 . Why are most of the poor live in rural areas ?because the rural economy
is still dominated by enterprises - micro and small -scale farmers with the
main actors , farm laborers , traders and agricultural inputs , agro-processing
and household industries due to the scarcity of capital and the rural economic actors .
2 . Is the proposed service to the village borneo change ? Services are used?
characterized by multiple indicators and several changes such as the increased
participation children - children , increased revenue and increased household assets .
Similarly , in terms of human resources involved in the development of Credit
Union has increased very rapidly . And factual Services Credit Union has shown
efficacy in the Kalimantan village and help the rural economy .
3 . Who defines 3 Elements in microfinance ? , And what is the definition ?
Which is defined Krishnamurt , he defines the first one is it provides various
types of financial services .Both are serving life of the poor , microfinance and
thrive in the beginning was to serve the people marginalized by the existing
formal financial system that has characteristics typical constituentsThird is the use
of the procedures and mechanisms of contextual and flexible . Microfinance
Microfinance is always associated with poverty alleviation efforts .
4 . Where research is done in order to reduce poverty through economic development ?
In rural areas Kalimantan mostly poor people .
5 . When to rural communities Kalimantan has increased very rapidly ?
Funds channeled through loans to the public until December 2009 reached
Rp . 2,409,205,270,278 , - and there is a tendency to increase .
6 . How people respond to service the rural Kalimantan Microfinance Institutions ?
With the Micro Finance Institutions that provide storage services credit
payment transactions and money transfer services aimed at small businesses
and the poor , the scarcity of complete infrastructure with the financial institution 's
economy is very helpful for the rural growth .
The importance of credit and an active role in poverty reduction through
economic development especially in rural areas such as The investigations
carried out in Kalimantan area through a participatory approach to
understanding the use of rural groups and individual interviews involving interviews administrators , managers and users of the Credit Union , the rural economy is stilldominated by enterprises - micro and small scale with the main actors agricultural laborers, traders and agricultural inputs , agro-processing industries
and households.
The perpetrators of these rural businesses in general are still faced
with the classic problem of limited availability of capital . As an important element in supporting the improvement of standards of production productivity and rural livelihoods , capital constraints may restrict the movement of the rural economic sector activity . Scarcity of long-term capital can be the entry point of the cycle of poverty in rural communities chains Though poverty is not limited by the factual aspects of the spatial and sktoral but can not be denied that most of the poor live in rural areas . capital scarcity
rural economic actors typically seek additional capital from various sources both from formal financial institutions and non- financial institutions - formal .
Weak economic actors in the rural capital has been recognized by the government to encourage the government to launch several targeted credit programs for farmers and micro-entrepreneurs . Although the government has implemented various loan programs , but the achievement still has not seen the results as expected . There are indications that the credit performance of the program is not satisfactory , especially in financial institutions as implementers which can be viewed from three aspects :
( 1 ) low levels of loan repayment
( 2 ) low morality executive officer and
( 3 ) low-level mobilization of public funds .
Weakness is not a consequence of continued financial institutions formed after the program is completed .Growth and development of Microfinance Institutions in Indonesia has been developing since long
and has been the subject of experts and practitioners of social economics MFI has always been associated with poverty alleviation efforts .
According to the definition used in Microcredit ( 1997) in Wijono (2004 ) micro-credit loan program is a small amount to the poor to finance productive activities that he did his own to generate income , allowing them to care for themselves and their families .
Financial institutions involved in micro- lending is generally called MFI
microfinance institution Asian Development Bank Institute defines microfinance as an institution that provides storage services credit , payment transactions and money transfer services aimed at the poor and small entrepreneurs . While there are many definitions of microfinance , but in general there are
three important elements of the various definitions :
First , it provides various types of financial services
Secondly , it serves the poor live , and developing
microfinance in the beginning was to serve the people marginalized by the
existing formal financial system that has characteristics typical constituents
Third , using the procedures and mechanisms for contextual and
flexible( Krishnamurti , 2005) .
Bank Indonesia microfinance institutions simply divide into two categories
namely the micro- bank financial institutions and non - bank real . Many people believe that the Credit Union , which is one form of microfinance institutions as an effective development tool for alleviating poverty because of financial service enables low-income households and small to take advantage
of economic opportunities , build assets and reduce their vulnerability to external shocks .
So the Credit Union become an important tool to achieve development in three
things at once , namely :
- Create jobs
- Increase income and reduce poverty
Capital employed from the community by the community and for the community .
In factual , credit union service in Borneo have demonstrated success marked by several indicators , and some changes such as the increased participation children - children , increased revenue and increased household assets . Similarly , in terms of human resources involved in the Credit Union
although initially driven only by a handful of people , but in its development has increased very rapidly . Indicators of success demonstrated by the growing amount of members , developing assets and funds absorbed .
Funds channeled through loans to the public until December 2009 reached Rp . 2,409,205,270,278 , - and there is a tendency to increase . The number of members' savings until the end of December 2009 reached Rp . 2,841,269,831,269
Credit Union Sustainability influenced among others by :
( 1 ) the ability of the human resource administrators and managers
( 2 ) Credit Union support of the external factors that include pay legal for
credit union development efforts .Microfinance institutions are still under debate and there are fears of Law - Law as limiting the scope of MFI services to the public . Development Credit Union in addition to the agricultural sector should be based on principle - the principle of institutional operations that must be done through the following steps :
1 . Set the first group of prospective targets , among others , relating to its existence as a group at least in the last two years
2 . Elected group that meets the criteria , chosen by the co - location3 . From this selection produces a viable target group engaged in financial services
4 . Starting strengthening disbursement and utilization of venture capital group
5 . Provide guidance and asistenasi to group activities
6 . Encourage group activities on the management of the Credit Union
7 . Conduct training for all administrators , managers or members with
training materials users not only to improve the ability of the Credit Union but also business development training support in the agricultural sector .
But the results show that the agricultural sector is less noticed by the Credit Union
with a high risk of reasons , the slow pace of cash flow and others - others . It is applied in building the credit union is basically agricultural sector can only be done with mengaokomodasi some patterns that have been developed to make adjustments related to agriculture such as the following characteristics :
1 . group approach
2 . Credit expansion target user
3 . Selection of potential users of credit
4 . The volume of credit limit
5 . The loan interest rate
6 . mortgage payments
7 . Mentoring and monitoring
8 . exercise
CONCLUSION
1 . Credit Union recognizes the existence of the community have a strategic
role as an intermediary economic activities2 . Factual Services Credit Union
has shown success , but success is still bias in economic enterprises outside
agriculture , credit schemes for agricultural credit unions have not given priority
5W + 1 H
1 . Why are most of the poor live in rural areas ?because the rural economy
is still dominated by enterprises - micro and small -scale farmers with the
main actors , farm laborers , traders and agricultural inputs , agro-processing
and household industries due to the scarcity of capital and the rural economic actors .
2 . Is the proposed service to the village borneo change ? Services are used?
characterized by multiple indicators and several changes such as the increased
participation children - children , increased revenue and increased household assets .
Similarly , in terms of human resources involved in the development of Credit
Union has increased very rapidly . And factual Services Credit Union has shown
efficacy in the Kalimantan village and help the rural economy .
3 . Who defines 3 Elements in microfinance ? , And what is the definition ?
Which is defined Krishnamurt , he defines the first one is it provides various
types of financial services .Both are serving life of the poor , microfinance and
thrive in the beginning was to serve the people marginalized by the existing
formal financial system that has characteristics typical constituentsThird is the use
of the procedures and mechanisms of contextual and flexible . Microfinance
Microfinance is always associated with poverty alleviation efforts .
4 . Where research is done in order to reduce poverty through economic development ?
In rural areas Kalimantan mostly poor people .
5 . When to rural communities Kalimantan has increased very rapidly ?
Funds channeled through loans to the public until December 2009 reached
Rp . 2,409,205,270,278 , - and there is a tendency to increase .
6 . How people respond to service the rural Kalimantan Microfinance Institutions ?
With the Micro Finance Institutions that provide storage services credit
payment transactions and money transfer services aimed at small businesses
and the poor , the scarcity of complete infrastructure with the financial institution 's
economy is very helpful for the rural growth .
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